Ilorin Journal of Management Sciences (IJMS) is a peer-reviewed academic journal published by the Faculty of Management Sciences, University of Ilorin, Ilorin, Nigeria. The Journal provides a platform for the dissemination of original research, theoretical contributions, case studies, and reviews in all areas of management sciences and related disciplines. IJMS is committed to advancing knowledge that bridges the gap between theory and practice, addressing contemporary issues in business, governance, and society. The journal welcomes contributions with strong methodological grounding, theoretical relevance, and practical implications for management practice within African contexts and the global environment.